SKRINING FITOKIMIA DAN ANALISIS KROMATOGRAFI LAPIS TIPIS DARI EKSTRAK ETANOL BUAH LERAK (Sapindus rarak)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31571/saintek.v6i2.650Abstract
Buah lerak secara empiris digunakan untuk menurunkan berat badan, penyakit kulit, dan menurunkan kadar gula darah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penapisan fitokimiadan profil kromatogram buah lerak. Buah lerak diekstraksi secara bertingkat menggunakan rangkaian alat Soxhlet dengan pelarut etanol 96%. Golongan metabolit sekunder diidentifikasi dengan skrining fitokimia dan KLT. Uji skrining fitokimia untuk golongan alkaloid dengan Mayer dan Dragendorff, flavonoid diuji dengan uji Schinoda, kuinon diuji dengan KOH, saponin diuji dengan indeks busa, indeks ikan, dan indeks hemolitik, tannin dan fenol diuji dengan FeCl3, steroid/terpenoid diuji dengan Liebermann-Burchard. Pengujian KLT menggunakan fase diam plat silika gel GF254 dan fase geraketil asetat:metanol:aquadest (77:13:10) dilakukan pada sinar UV 254nm dan 366nm dengan penampak bercak H2SO4 10%. Hasil penelitian ekstrak buah lerak mengandung alkaloid, saponin, tanin, kuinon, fenol, steroid/terpenoid. Nilai indeks ikan 8000, indeks busa 20000 dan indeks hemolitik 2500. Uji KLT menunjukkan adanya senyawa saponin yang ditandai dengan warna ungu.
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Kata kunci: Ekstrak Etanol Buah Lerak (Sapindus rarak), Kromatografi Lapis Tipis (KLT), Skrining Fitokimia.
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